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Melbourne, technically the metropolitan area of Greater
Melbourne, has a maritime temperate climate prone to drastic, unpredictable
changes in short spaces of time. This
changeability has seen the assimilation of the phrase ‘four seasons in one day’
into Melbourne’s
local culture. The city sees all four seasons with hot summers and mild
winters. The city is in the southeast of Australia,
on Victoria’s
northern coast. The city wraps around Port Phillip Bay which opens into the
Bass Straight, separating Australia
from Tasmania
and the surrounding islands.
Summer in Melbourne lasts from
December till February and average highs of 24°C rise marginally to 26°C in January and February. December still experiences
quite changeable conditions but by the end of the month Melbourne summer launches into full swing. Rainfall
does not vary much throughout the year in Melbourne
and is generally low. This season is sometimes affected by droughts which
combined with the heat can sometimes lead to grass and forest fires. Heat waves
sometimes torment the city as in January (2009) with temperatures getting up to
a stifling 41°C. The heat is almost always tempered by a
cooling sea breeze. The sun is usually out but again, weather in Melbourne is unreliable
from moment to moment.
Autumn, from March till
May, sees temperatures falling to around 20°C, and with less chance of freak hot weather this
period is often considered the nicest in Melbourne.
However, towards the end of the season it begins to get quite cool, and
rainfall increases; May is the wettest month of the year. Generally cool night
times begin to be truly cold at 10°C.
Winter is very mild with
the average high temperature never falling below 14°C from June till August. Night times are very chilly
around 6°C but it very
rarely gets down to freezing. Melbourne
sees the occasional frost and fog can often comes in from the bay, but snow is
pretty much unheard of. Rain falls regularly but in the form of drizzle rather
than heavy showers. Out of the city in the alpine regions temperatures
regularly drop down to -5°C
and snow does fall.
Spring, from September
till November, is the most indecisive season of the year. Days of sunshine,
heating up into the 20s, can be interrupted by periods of cold and blustery
showers. Melbourne
usually experiences quite strong winds at this time of year, and
uncharacteristically hot spells are often followed by a cold north wind.
Melbourne’s fickle weather can be attributed to its flat
topography, proximity to the Dandenong
Ranges, ridges and
deep-cut streams, and also to the protective structure of the bay. Weather
systems created out to sea and by the Dandenong
Ranges get trapped in the bay and flit
uninhibited about Melbourne.
The bay is a fantastic destination for water sport lovers and Victoria’s
diverse landscape, on Melbourne’s
doorstep, opens up the whole range of outdoor activities from gentle strolling
to rock climbing.
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